{"id":2207,"date":"2021-01-04T23:12:44","date_gmt":"2021-01-05T07:12:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.marcoscarpio.com\/wordpress\/?p=2207"},"modified":"2026-07-17T19:13:31","modified_gmt":"2026-07-18T03:13:31","slug":"a-puzzled-solved-macos-webserver-carbon-copy-cloner-backups-and-lets-encrypt-ssl-certificates","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.marcoscarpio.com\/wordpress\/2021\/01\/04\/a-puzzled-solved-macos-webserver-carbon-copy-cloner-backups-and-lets-encrypt-ssl-certificates\/","title":{"rendered":"A Puzzled Solved – Rapidweaver, Carbon Copy Cloner, and Let\u2019s Encrypt SSL Certificates"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

It was New Year\u2019s Eve, and I was performing routine maintenance on my cylindrical 12-core Mac Pro<\/strong> (late 2013) and checking the performance of all my web server applications when something unusual happened\u2014my Rapidweaver software crashed<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When I updated a few pages for 2021, Rapidweaver<\/strong> (the software that creates the pages of my main website) alerted me to an update from version 8.6.2 to 8.7, which was mostly additional support for the latest macOS, \u201cBig Sur<\/strong>,\u201d or version 11.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Although RW has safety provisions\u2014in case of incompatibilities\u2014to \u2018Skip This Version\u2019 and \u2018Remind Me Later<\/strong>‘, I went ahead and did the update.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>
RapidWeaver 8 has a new version update – from v8.6.2 to v8.7 – but proceed cautiously!<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n
<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

There were no problems, and I continued to open the file (.rw8) \u2026and, bam! Another update prompt came up on the screen. This time, a plugin (or API<\/strong>\u2014application program interface) within Rapidweaver called Stacks<\/strong> prompted me that there\u2019s a new version, from V4.0.4 to V4.1.3 (Build #5361). Again, and how stupid of me, I did the update.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Stacks V4.1.3 update came back to haunt me when I later found out that most web pages no longer worked. This has happened before (from Stacks 3 to Stacks 4), and I can\u2019t seem to learn my lesson. Ouch!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

But this is not to conclude that the Stacks V4.1.3 update would create problems for all Rapidweaver 8.x users. It all depends on the RW theme and plugin(s) you’re using.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Always\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button>
A simple
Stacks<\/strong> update rendered my entire website useless —always create a backup before proceeding with any updates!<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
\n
<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

But, hey, no problem. I have an ever-dependable Mac-only backup in Carbon Copy Cloner<\/strong>\u2014I have been using this backup software since time immemorial. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Before I made those updates, I had scheduled the backup to run early every Sunday, which should include a replica of my entire main boot SSD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So, I launched System Preferences<\/strong> > Startup Disk<\/strong> > switched to the backup SSD, and restarted the Mac Pro. The backup worked, as usual, like a champ. Problem solved? Well, not so fast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While all my web pages now worked- at least, while I re-tested under RW- after I reverted to prior versions using the backup SSD, this time, a bigger issue came up \u2013 my website is no longer accessible on the Web!<\/em> <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

How is this possible? Aren\u2019t backups, especially a cloned version, bit-by-bit copies of their originals?<\/strong>\u00a0 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A bit alarmed now because of the looming task of debugging the entire web server application, I headed to the kitchen to brew a full carafe of my favorite blend.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To maintain my presence on the Web, I switched to an older version of my website that runs on an Intel Core i7 Mac mini<\/strong>, then tackled the issue:  why did the backup web server on the Mac Pro fail to connect to the Internet when the source drive worked?<\/em><\/strong><\/u>  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Everything else worked properly on the backup drive except for my AMP (Apache-MySQL-PHP)-based web server’s ability to connect to the Web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here\u2019s what I did to troubleshoot the issue:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1). Checked the router, access points & all settings (especially port forwarding) — OK<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2). I checked the IP gateway\/Dynamic DNS\u2014the one that renders your dynamic IP address given by your ISP to a static IP address needed to host a website at your chosen location\u2014for incorrect settings. At no-ip.com<\/strong>, I fiddled with different domain name resolver configurations\u2014 only to discover that my previous setting was correct. All OK<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3). I reviewed all the steps when configuring the AMP-based web server via Homebrew<\/strong>. There were no problems, and everything was OK<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

So, what’s wrong?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Before I resign my fate to begin 2021 with long hours recoding my web server for macOS Big Sur (and, yes, I need to buy a new M1 (ARM) processor<\/strong>-based Mac since my 2016-bought \u201ctrashcan\u201d Mac Pro may be compatible only in 2 or 3 more future macOS releases), I tried again to stop, start, and restart the web server using Terminal<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Again, no issues until I tried to diagnose any error when Apache starts via the Terminal command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  tail -f \/usr\/local\/var\/log\/httpd\/error_log<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The error log revealed a few script errors related to PHP handling<\/strong> during the WordPress<\/strong> login.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Those errors are understandable, as my WordPress site is tied to my main website \u2013 https:\/\/www.marcoscarpio.com<\/strong>– and is an off-site page within Rapidweaver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Finally, I realized why I didn\u2019t run the most basic<\/u> Apache command in Terminal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  apachectl configtest<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

And, there it was, right in front of my 28\u201d LED monitor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   AH00526: Syntax error on line 46 of \/usr\/local\/etc\/httpd\/extra\/httpd-   vhosts.conf:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

   SSLCertificateFile: file \u2018\/etc\/letsencrypt\/live\/www.marcoscarpio.com\/fullchain.pem\u2019 does not exist or is empty<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Although I was fully aware that my website’s secure version (https) is due to the free SSL certificates from Let\u2019s Encrypt<\/strong>\u2014which you have to renew every 90 days<\/strong>\u2014it did not dawn on me that you MUST either renew or request a reissue<\/u> of those certificates after you switched over to your backup web server!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the Let\u2019s Encrypt Community Board, I got this good explanation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe distinction between copying all of\u00a0\/etc\/letsencrypt<\/code>\u00a0(with symlinks) and just copying\u00a0privkey.pem<\/code>\u00a0and\u00a0fullchain.pem<\/code>\u00a0is that in the former case, you can run\u00a0certbot renew<\/code>\u00a0on the new system to renew the certificates, while in the latter case, Certbot will not be able to renew the copied-over certificates. So it\u2019s not a distinction about whether the certificates will work on the new system (just copying these two files is sufficient for that), but specifically about whether\u00a0certbot renew<\/code>\u00a0on the new system will know they\u2019re present and be able to renew them (copying the whole\u00a0\/etc\/letsencrypt<\/code>\u00a0tree is recommended in this case)<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Let\u2019s Encrypt uses an easy-to-use client called Certbot<\/strong> to simplify issuing SSL certificates (yes, they\u2019re free) across various web server software and OS platforms. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you have tried to install (and maintain) your SSL certificates\u2014well, that\u2019s another blog entry in itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Long story short<\/strong>: Let\u2019s Encrypt Certbot won\u2019t automatically sync the certificates it has issued on your web server that\u2019s located on your main hard drive and your backup hard drive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

New Year. New lesson.\u00a0 But it\u2019s always good to learn.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

It was New Year\u2019s Eve, and I was performing routine maintenance on my cylindrical 12-core Mac Pro (late 2013) and checking the performance of all my web server applications when something unusual happened\u2014my Rapidweaver software crashed. When I updated a few pages for 2021, Rapidweaver (the software that creates the pages of my main website) … <\/p>\n

Continue reading “A Puzzled Solved – Rapidweaver, Carbon Copy Cloner, and Let\u2019s Encrypt SSL Certificates”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,8],"tags":[66,62,63,65,64],"class_list":["post-2207","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-new-gizmos","category-whats-new","tag-lets-encrypt","tag-macos-big-sur","tag-rapidweaver-8-updates","tag-stacks-4-updates","tag-yourhead-software"],"yoast_head":"\nA Puzzled Solved - Rapidweaver, Carbon Copy Cloner, and Let\u2019s Encrypt SSL Certificates - Baclaran Para\u00f1aque Rizal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"While upgrading Stacks for Rapidweaver (MacOS only), I encountered numerous errors afterwards. 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